The measure of time used in explanatory models of physical phenomena is crucial for finding the long-sought "Theory of Everything". Another Copernican revolution is needed. In the International Year of Astronomy 2009, the Swedish Mathematical Society published a Wave Theory of Time proposed by me*. WTT describes by means of a common wave model two closed loop flows of time that are related to the force of gravity and to the electromagnetic force, respectively. Either one can be chosen as the reference and it is the choice between them that determines whether the cosmic expansion is found to accelerate motivating the assumption of a repulsive force interpreted as caused by dark energy or to decelerate making that assumption unnecessary. Challenging the widely accepted belief in the repulsive force, I have stated that dark energy is the greatest bubble in the history of science.** In Sweden, no physicist has in public given a comment or feedback of any kind and that reminds me about what I read recently in a folder about the MBA delivered by Stockholm School of Economics: "When talking about Sweden, courage is not a word used very often...".  

Using man as the measure in the spirit of Protagoras who lived 24 centuries ago and is most famous for his statement of "Homo Mensura" as expressed in Latin, WTT provides the following perspective. The human heart pulses at a rate of about one repetition per second and is the reference clock for the flow of blood in its closed loop with a repetition period of about one minute. Elementary charges pulse at a rate of 10 to the power of 20 repetitions per second and are reference clocks for a closed-loop flow of time that is related to the force of gravity and that has a repetition period of 10 to the power of 20 seconds. Dark matter is due to the rest mass of a fundamental particle of gravity that is 10 to the power of 40 times lighter than the elementary charge. While the cosmos and humans differ in their reference clock rates, the functionality of both can be described in terms of a universal Turing machine. The cosmic expansion produces every second 10 to the power of 100 (called a googol) more data and it continues 24 thousand million years or 10 to the power of 9 human generations. Then a peak is reached and contraction starts.   

 * Svenska Matematikersamfundet, Medlemsutskicket, October 2009, pp 69-73

 ** Svenska Matematikersamfundet, Bulletinen, May 2012, p 31 and Svenska Matematikersamfundet, Bulletinen, October 2012, p 27